Wisdom Teeth

(3rd Molars)

The human jaw has gotten smaller during man's evolution. Unfortunately, the number of adult teeth (32) has stayed the same. In most cases there just isn't enough room for the wisdom teeth to grow in. These third molars may grow sideways, partially emerge from the gum, or even remain trapped beneath the gum and bone. Impacted teeth (under the gum or bone) can take many positions in the jaw as they attempt to find a path that will allow them to erupt successfully.

These poorly positioned teeth can cause many problems. Infections can develop in the tissue covering the wisdom teeth. This is known as pericoronitis, and can lead to a very serious infection. This is the most common emergency related to wisdom teeth. Impacted and erupted wisdom teeth can develop cavities due to poor access for cleaning. They can also cause cavities in the second molar teeth. Erupted and impacted wisdom teeth can also create periodontal (gum) disease in the adjacent second molars. Impacted teeth can also give rise to cyst or tumor formation. These can grow very large without symptoms and destroy a significant amount of the jawbone.

Wisdom teeth rarely erupt into a functional position. It is generally recommended that they be removed during the teenage years. They are easier to remove at this time because the teeth are not yet fully formed and the bone is softer. The sockets will fill back in completely with bone at this age.

Your dentist may recommend that you see an oral surgeon for the removal of your wisdom teeth. You will then have the option of going to sleep during your surgery. Most general dentists cannot administer IV sedation or general anesthesia in their office.

FAQ

Why are they called wisdom teeth?

Because they generally erupt when we are the smartest we will ever be (or think we are). We at least know more than our parents around the golden age of 18!

Why should they be removed?

In the majority of cases the wisdom teeth will be nonfunctional. These teeth can cause infection, cavities in the second molars, and gum disease with eventual bone loss around the second molars. Even erupted wisdom teeth end up with periodontal (gum) disease at 40 to 50 years of age. They are difficult to clean and trap plaque (bacteria) which tends to spread to other teeth.

When is the best time to remove them?

Sixteen to nineteen years of age is the ideal time for removal. The wisdom teeth are generally not fully formed at this age. The bone is softer and the smaller tooth size will allow for easier removal.

How much will it hurt?

The postoperative pain level and healing time depends on the age of the patient and the degree of extraction difficulty. Teenagers generally require one or two days of rest.

What should I expect if I go to an oral surgeon?

The oral surgeon specializes in the removal of wisdom teeth. You will have the option of general anesthesia or IV sedation in his/her office.

How long will I be swollen?

The worst swelling will come on the second post-op day. It will then return to normal over the next few days. The impaction cases will have the most swelling.

When can I go back to work?

This is an individual decision. As soon as you feel capable, you may return. Hard physical labor should be avoided for a few days.